Spectroscopy - June 2009 - (Page 39) w w w. s p e c t r o s c o p y o n l i n e . c o m June 2009 Spectroscopy 24(6) 39 Spectral Studies on the Interaction of [Ru(bpy)2(BTIP)]2+ with DNA and Determination of Nucleic Acids at Nanogram Levels The interaction of [Ru(2, 2’-bipyridine)2(2-benzo[b] thien-2-yl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10] phenanthroline)]2+ ([Ru(bpy)2(BTIP)]2+) with nucleic acids in weak acidic medium is studied based upon the measurements of resonance light scattering (RLS) and UV–vis absorbance. Intercalation, electrostatic interaction, and long-range assembly are observed between [Ru(bpy)2(BTIP)]2+ and calf-thymus DNA (ctDNA). The enhanced RLS intensity is proportional to the concentration of ctDNA in an appropriate range. Three synthetic samples are analyzed satisfactorily. Chao Weng, Xiaoming Chen, and Changqun Cai T he investigation of ruthenium compounds that can bind coordinatively to DNA is one of the most attractive research fields for the development of novel nonplatinum anticancer agents (1–3). Ruthenium complexes generally show fewer toxic side effects than platinum-based drugs and exhibit activity in cisplatin-resistant cells or in cells where cisplatin is totally inactive (4). Moreover, ruthenium has a rich redox chemistry whose complexes in oxidation states two and three are sufficiently stable and under current development as metallopharmaceuticals. Studies on the interaction of ruthenium compounds with DNA are not only able to determine the mechanism of some diseases, but also enable researchers to design new medications with high effective rates and low toxicity, filter new drugs, treat cancer, and alter anticancer medicine. Since it was found that the RLS technique based upon a conventional fluorescence spectrophotometer could be used for macromolecular analysis (5,6), RLS has turned into one of the important methods for DNA and protein assay. Many negatively charged compounds can aggregate on the surface of protein, which results in the enhancement of the RLS signals and can be applied to protein assays (7–10). Furthermore, a method for the determination of protein based upon the decrease of RLS was proposed (11). Many types of compounds characterized by positive charge that are contrary to DNA can be used to determine DNA. They include porphyrin and its derivatives (12–16), alkaline dyes (17–21), metal cation complexes (22–27), and cation surfactant (28,29), and some anionic dyes can also be applied to DNA detection in the presence of cation surfactant (30). Furthermore, RLS methods for the determination of DNA using zwitterionics (31) and polymers (32) were proposed. Polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complexes are important complexes in DNA research. They not only show many interesting phenomena while binding to DNA (33,34), but some of them also distinguish B-DNA from Z-DNA (35). Fluorescence methods for the determination of DNA using some polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complexes (36–39) were proposed. Ru(2, 2 -bipyridine)2(2-benzo[b] thien-2-yl-1H-imidazo[4,5f][1,10] phenanthroline)2+ ([Ru(bpy)2(BTIP)]2+) is a new polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complex that was investigated by various spectrophotometric methods and viscosity measurements (40). At the same time, we first found that there are distinct enhanced RLS signals in the system. This implies that the new polypyridyl ruthenium(II) complex can be used as probe reagents just as other probe reagents have been used. We propose a novel method to study the interaction of the ruthenium(II) complex with DNA using RLS. This method will also widen probe reagents for the determination of DNA. In this study, a good linear relationship is obtained over a wide concentration range. A satisfactory result is obtained for the determination of synthetic samples of DNA. Compared with previous RLS methods (12–32), the proposed method features a relatively low detection limit, a wide linear range, and good precision. At the same time, the reaction mechanism and the influential factors on the variation of RLS between http://www.spectroscopyonline.com Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Spectroscopy - June 2009 Spectroscopy - June 2009 Contents News Spectrum Auger Spectroscopy Statistics and Chemometrics for Clinical Data Reporting, Part 1 Understanding and Interpreting the New GAMP 5 Software Categories Current Status of Standoff LIBS Security Applications at the United States Army Research Laboratory Spectral Studies on the Interaction of [Ru(bpy)2(BTIP)]2+ with DNA and Determination of Nucleic Acids at Nanogram Levels Product Resources Calendar Ad Index Spectroscopy - June 2009 Spectroscopy - June 2009 - (Page BB1) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - (Page BB2) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Spectroscopy - June 2009 (Page Cover1) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Spectroscopy - June 2009 (Page Cover2) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Spectroscopy - June 2009 (Page 3) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Spectroscopy - June 2009 (Page 4) Spectroscopy - 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June 2009 - Understanding and Interpreting the New GAMP 5 Software Categories (Page 31) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Current Status of Standoff LIBS Security Applications at the United States Army Research Laboratory (Page 32) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Current Status of Standoff LIBS Security Applications at the United States Army Research Laboratory (Page 33) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Current Status of Standoff LIBS Security Applications at the United States Army Research Laboratory (Page 34) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Current Status of Standoff LIBS Security Applications at the United States Army Research Laboratory (Page 35) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Current Status of Standoff LIBS Security Applications at the United States Army Research Laboratory (Page 36) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Current Status of Standoff LIBS Security Applications at the United States Army Research Laboratory (Page 37) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Current Status of Standoff LIBS Security Applications at the United States Army Research Laboratory (Page 38) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Spectral Studies on the Interaction of [Ru(bpy)2(BTIP)]2+ with DNA and Determination of Nucleic Acids at Nanogram Levels (Page 39) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Spectral Studies on the Interaction of [Ru(bpy)2(BTIP)]2+ with DNA and Determination of Nucleic Acids at Nanogram Levels (Page 40) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Spectral Studies on the Interaction of [Ru(bpy)2(BTIP)]2+ with DNA and Determination of Nucleic Acids at Nanogram Levels (Page 41) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Spectral Studies on the Interaction of [Ru(bpy)2(BTIP)]2+ with DNA and Determination of Nucleic Acids at Nanogram Levels (Page 42) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Spectral Studies on the Interaction of [Ru(bpy)2(BTIP)]2+ with DNA and Determination of Nucleic Acids at Nanogram Levels (Page 43) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Spectral Studies on the Interaction of [Ru(bpy)2(BTIP)]2+ with DNA and Determination of Nucleic Acids at Nanogram Levels (Page 44) Spectroscopy - June 2009 - Product Resources (Page 45) Spectroscopy - 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